What is a Burn Blister?

Generally, burn blisters will form within the first 24 hours after a second-degree (partial thickness) burn, unlike blisters that develop from harsh friction or rashes. They develop when the skin has been exposed to heat or chemicals that damage the outer and sometimes underlying layers of skin. This causes a fluid that is similar to blood plasma to collect beneath the skin in order to protect it.

Common causes of burn blistering include:

• • • Hot surfaces or liquids
    • Steam or scalding water
    • Sun exposure
    • Chemical burns
    • Electrical burns

Types of Burn Blisters

Burns are categorised into three different severities, and the likelihood of blistering increases with more severe skin damage. Mild burns, scalds, and blisters can be treated with at-home care, though the more threatening ones may require immediate medical attention. The different types of burns are:

First-Degree Burns (Superficial)

• • • Affects only the top layer of skin (epidermis)
    • Skin appears red and painful
    • Will sometimes result in mild blisters
    • Will typically heal within a week

Second-Degree Burns (Partial Thickness)

• • • Affects both the epidermis and part of the underlying layers of skin
    • Blisters are common, along with redness, swelling, and a wet or shiny appearance
    • The burns are painful and may scar if not properly cared for
    • Healing can take between 1-3 weeks for lesser second-degree burns, but may take upwards of that if the burn reached more of the dermis

Third-Degree Burns (Full Thickness)

• • • Damages all layers of the skin and possibly the underlying tissues
    • May appear white, charred, or leathery
    • Blisters may not always form because of the extent of the damage to the skin
    • There may be nerve damage, which can potentially cause the area to feel numb
    • Requires immediate medical attention

Step-by-Step: How to Treat a Burn Blister

Mild blistering that is caused by first-degree burns and mild second-degree burns is usually treatable without expert medical intervention. If you’re unsure whether your burn blisters need medical attention or not, you should get the opinion of a medical professional.

If home treatment has been recommended, you should aim to follow these steps:

1. Cool the Burn

• • • To help soothe the burn, run cool (not cold) water over the affected area for at least 20 minutes.
    • This helps to reduce pain, swelling, and any further damage to the skin.

2. Avoid Popping the Blister

• • • Blisters are the body’s natural protection against infection, and help the wound to heal quicker.
    • Do not burst or drain your blister, as this increases the risk of infection and can slow the healing process.

3. Gently Clean the Area

• • • Once cooled, pat the area dry with a clean cloth.
    • Gently wash around the blister with a mild soap and water.
    • Avoid applying any creams or ointments, unless advised by a medical professional.

4. Cover With a Sterile Dressing

• • • Use a non-stick dressing or a gauze pad to loosely cover the blister.
    • This helps to protect it from dirt and friction, which risks infection or bursting the blister.
    • You should change the dressing daily if it becomes wet or dirty.

5. Watch for Signs of Infection

• • • Watch for any potential redness, pus, swelling, or increased pain in the area.
    • These may be signs of infection that require medical attention.

6. If Your Blister Bursts

• • • Sometimes, your blister may burst, no matter how careful you’ve been.
    • If this happens, allow the fluid to drain fully.
    • Gently wash the area with a mild soap and water.
    • Very carefully cut away any excess skin with clean and sterile scissors, if you can; otherwise, do not peel it off.
    • Loosely bandage the area like before, and consider seeking medical advice on what to do further.

Conclusion

Burns are among some of the most common household injuries, and when a burn leads to a blister, the way you respond can make a real difference. Without proper care, a simple blister can quickly become painful, infected, or lead to long-term skin damage. That’s why knowing how to treat a burn blister safely is such a valuable part of first aid.

Taking a certified first aid course will give you the confidence to respond effectively in a wide range of medical situations. If you’re interested in learning practical, life-saving skills, we offer a variety of training options that combine hands-on experience with expert-led instruction.

Prepare yourself with the knowledge to act calmly and confidently when it matters most.

Check out our courses:

• Level 3 Award In First Aid At Work

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